Many modern-day vehicles are now equipped with fuel injection systems (fuel injectors) that act as mini spray guns to deliver the just-right amount of fuel to the automotive combustion chambers.
These fuel injectors are not only important to deliver the right amount of fuel for combustion but also for dispersing the fuel with a particular spray pattern at the right angle and at an accurate pressure.
Like other vehicle parts, monitoring and cleaning these fuel injectors at regular intervals is essential so that your engine functions pretty well. Failing can lead to fuel injector failure, which then requires you to replace them completely.
But how do you exactly clean them, what precautions you should take while cleaning them and what are the reasons of getting the fuel injectors get clogged in the first place. Let’s address all these questions and more in the article below.
Why do Fuel Injectors Go Bad?
While there can be various reasons for diesel fuel injectors getting clogged or failing completely, most of the time, these are often due to the dust, oil, or debris deposited inside the injector or filter.
Especially when you use poor quality fuel in your truck or car, it develops a heavy varnish build-up in the fuel injectors, making them clogged.
Over time its nozzle, nozzle needle, and armature get contaminated which affects the pressure and supply of fuel to the engine severely. As an overall result, the performance of the engine gets reduced.
Continually using low-grade contaminated fuel with additives can even corrode and rust your vehicle’s fuel system, which can further cause major problems down the road.
Clogged Fuel Injector Symptoms
The key to keeping the injector in good running condition is to diagnose the clog or failure early.
There are instances seen when people do not understand the basic difference between faulty, dirty, clogged, and leaking injectors. To diagnose the problem right, you need to know about them in the very first place.
1- Faulty Injector: A fuel injector is considered faulty when they do not function well as per their design
2- Dirty Injector: An injector is considered to be dirty when additives and hydrocarbons (along with carbon and engine gunk) restrict the flow of fuel and disrupt the spray model.
3- Leaking Injector: These can cause severe problems if not fixed early. The odor of the fuel felt in and around your vehicle, increased fuel consumption, hard starting, etc., are a few symptoms that can help you diagnose a leaking injector.
4- Clogged Injector: An injector is considered to be clogged when the amount of carbon, fuel residue, and gunk inside the filter basket or injector chokes the system to such a level that it does not allow the fuel to flow through.
Diagnosing a clogged injector is sometimes tricky as it seems like a bad, dirty injector. Few common symptoms of a clogged fuel injector that may help you diagnose the problem are:
- Starting issues
- Engine stalling
- Emission failure
- Decreased acceleration
- Increased fuel consumption
- Engine detonation or failure, etc
The vehicle giving less mileage can also be a major sign of badly clogged fuel injectors.
In any of these situations, you need to get them cleaned professionally so that you do not waste the expensive fuel anymore. Also, it is essential that you use premium quality fuel to reduce the problems and to maintain the good condition of your engine.
How to Clean A Dirty Fuel Injector?
At times when the problem in the vehicle engine is created by dirty or clogged down fuel injectors; the only way to restore them is by getting them cleaned as soon as possible.
Well, to fix the issues successfully, you can either take the help of a professional service provider OR get the job done manually in a DIY way.
The following are the best DIY ways you can use to clean the clogged fuel injectors without spending much cash.
1- Manual Cleaning Method
Manual cleaning of the injectors by hand is only advisable for users who are experts in dealing with engine parts.
It can be highly messy and risky for users who do not have a fair understanding of the car engine layout and its various components.
- To start with, you should first disassemble your specific engine model and take out the fuel injectors. You should take the help of a user manual to get an idea if required.
- By using proper homemade solvents or cleaning agents like Sea Foam, you can then clean the injector to remove all the debris and gunk.
- After cleaning, let the injector dry and then reassemble the engine components again as per the manual layout.
2- Using a Fuel Injector Cleaning Kit
Using a pressurized fuel injector cleaning kit (like OTC, Run Rite, etc.) can help clean your engine fuel injectors without removal. Also, these have fewer chances of failure.
A fuel injector cleaner kit generally includes a canister, a hose, and a gauge to determine pressure. It also includes a cleaning agent made up of solvents and additives that needs to be run through the engine under high pressure.
The common steps that you may need to follow are as follows:
- Locate a fuel injector
- Take out the fuel pump and join it with a return line
- Now disconnect the pressure regulator vacuum line
- Connect the cleaning kit to the fuel pressure test port
- Now open the fuel tank and let the cleaning process start
- The solvent under high pressure gets injected into the dirty injectors
- Also, start the engine so that the cleaner starts cleaning the injectors
- The engine turns off by itself when the solvent is used completely – this takes about five to ten minutes
As the last step, rearrange the fuel pump and put back the fuel cap on the engine. You can now turn on the engine to verify whether it is working properly in a normal way.
While cleaning the injectors, care that they do not have any exposure to the fuel directly from the tank. As the DIY cleaner kit contains flammable solvents, it can be highly risky.
Although the above is a basic procedure, you may additionally need to follow the instructions provided with a specific cleaning system kit that you are going to use for cleaning the fuel injectors.
If you follow them right, you can rest assured that your car engine does not cause any problems (due to dirty fuel injectors) further again.
How to Use Ultrasonic Cleaner for Fuel Injector Cleaning?
Contaminants present inside the pintle valves or seats of the heavily soiled and waxed injector are hard to clean with a normal scrubbing or washing process. The stubborn grime can, however, be treated and removed efficiently using an ultrasonic fuel injector cleaning machine.
This proven method fixes the issue in just a few minutes and guarantees effectiveness and remarkable results that can not be attained by using any other method.
The process generally uses powered transducers and high-frequency sound waves (up to 40 kHz) that are passed through a professional-grade biodegradable ultrasonic cleaning solution to clean the deposited debris on the injectors.
The high frequency creates cavitation (due to microscopic bubbles produced) in the heated solution. These bubbles, when collapsing against the soiled injectors, develop a scrubbing action making the contaminants lose, which then get removed easily.
One of the best advantages of using an ultrasonic cleaner for fuel injectors is its cavitation cleaning action that reaches into the smallest of nooks and crannies to remove the dirt and grime.
By scrubbing hard even the most complex areas, the ultrasonic fuel injector cleaning device can help clean the places where the brushes cannot.
When it comes to choosing a cleaning device, experts suggest that a portable home-based ultrasonic carburetor cleaner is not very efficient in inflow testing and cleaning clogged fuel injectors. You should instead use an industrial-grade ultrasonic injector cleaning and testing system in case you want the job to be done professionally.
Getting The Most Out Of Your Fuel Injectors – When to Replace Them?
Fuel injectors can be categorized into various types based on how they work and their location. Some of these include:
- Throttle body injectors
- The central port injection system
- The multiport fuel injection system
In addition to the above, many more types are available, but those are much more complex and rarely used in modern-day engines.
At times when the fuel injector gets faulty or clogged, it becomes very hard to run your vehicle smoothly. Cleaning the injectors helps to maintain the performance of the engine by giving the utmost power to it.
You can add to it by doing everything you can to prevent debris and gunk from reaching the fuel system. Here are a few tips for you to follow:
- Always insist on purchasing high-quality premium fuel from the reliable stations
- Avoid filling up the fuel when a station is just receiving a new shipment. This will avoid any impurities getting into your truck that may not have been settled yet.
- Take the proper steps to keep your fuel system clean. Change the fuel filters on a regular basis and avoid purchasing the cheap aftermarket parts that are not meant for your specific vehicle model.
- When storing your vehicle for long, it’s good to ignition and start your engine occasionally. This will avoid corrosion in the fuel system.
According to John, a repairman in Slovenia, your fuel injectors in a vehicle can last for about 50,000 to 100,000 miles. The exact time frame may, however, depend on factors like the quality of fuel you use in your car, replacement of the fuel filters, services performed, etc.
Most of the time, the dirty fuel injectors do not need replacement with the new expensive ones. Studies even showed that only one in one thousand injectors need replacement due to complete failure.
Fortunately, you can now recondition them to function just like new ones by following the methods mentioned above. If, however, your injectors need cleaning too often due to frequent malfunctioning, it is good to test and get them replaced by a professional rather than cleaned.
The Conclusion
Obviously, the cost of cleaning an injector is far lower than fixing a broken-down engine due to injector failure. You will certainly not love to take this chance.
Regular clean-up of the fuel injectors not only helps to get better engine horsepower but also improves mileage over time. The frequency of cleaning, however, depends on the type of transmission you have and the mileage you have attained.
To unclog your fuel injectors, you can use a fuel injector cleaner additive or opt for professional cleaning machines. Additionally, maintaining a good fuel quality and replacing the fuel filter at recommended intervals can prevent buildup and ensure smooth engine performance.